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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">innovation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Информация и инновации</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Information and Innovations</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-2443</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-2157</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МЦНТИ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31432/1994-2443.2025.18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">innovation-328</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА И ИННОВАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Economy and Innovations</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Инновации, информационные системы и институциональные роли: интегрированное влияние международных неправительственных организаций на здравоохранение и образование в Афганистане, 2020–2025 гг.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Innovation, information systems and institutional roles: the interactive effects of international non-governmental organization on health and education in Afghanistan, 2020–2025</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8875-511X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нури</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Noori</surname><given-names>А. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдул Сабур Нури</p><p>ул. Ленина, 51, Екатеринбург, 620083</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Abdul Saboor Noori</p><p>51, Lenin st., Yekaterinburg, 620083</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nuri@urfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский гуманитарный институт Федерального государственного автономного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural Institute of Humanities, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural Federal University named after the fi rst President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нури А.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нури А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Noori А.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.icsti.int/jour/article/view/328">https://journal.icsti.int/jour/article/view/328</self-uri><abstract><p>Политический переход в Афганистане в августе 2021 года радикально изменил операционную среду для международных неправительственных организаций (МНПО), что потребовало быстрой перестройки программ от ориентированных на развитие к экстренной гуманитарной помощи. Данное исследование изучает интегрированное влияние МНПО на сектора здравоохранения и образования в Афганистане в период с 2020 по 2025 год, с особым вниманием к роли инноваций и информационных систем (ИС) в обеспечении предоставления услуг в условиях серьёзных институциональных и политических ограничений.</p><p>Применяя смешанный методологический подход, исследование анализирует вторичные данные по ключевым показателям здравоохранения и образования, а также проводит тематический синтез стратегий работы МНПО. Количественные результаты показывают резкое снижение зачисления девушек в средние школы (с 38,5 % в 2020 году до прогнозируемых 1,5 % в 2025 году) и одновременное увеличение материнской смертности (MMR), что подчеркивает гуманитарный кризис. В то же время охват медицинских услуг МНПО значительно увеличился (с 45 % до 85 %), демонстрируя их критическую роль как основного поставщика услуг.</p><p>Качественный анализ выявил, что внедрение устойчивых локализованных информационных систем, особенно для дистанционного мониторинга и отслеживания ресурсов, стало ключевой институциональной инновацией, позволившей МНПО достигать примерно 82 % эффективности распределения ресурсов после 2021 года по сравнению с 65 % до политического перехода.</p><p>Исследование делает вывод, что МНПО были незаменимы для предотвращения полного коллапса жизненно важных услуг, однако их долгосрочное влияние ограничено отсутствием стабильной институциональной базы и политическими ограничениями. Политические рекомендации акцентируют необходимость устойчивого и гибкого финансирования, инвестиций в цифровую устойчивость и локализованного подхода к предоставлению услуг для эффективного взаимодействия гуманитарного и развивающегося направлений в условиях нестабильности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The end of the political transition in Afghanistan in August 2021 altered radically the spheres of activities of International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs), compelling them to make an urgent change in priorities, making the development-focused programming change to emergency humanitarian response. This paper explores the combined effect of INGOs on the health and education sector in Afghanistan during the 2020-2025 timeframe, specifically how innovation and Information Systems (IS) have helped the service delivery to be sustained in the face of extreme institutional and political constraints. The paper uses a mixed-methodology approach to review secondary data concerning key health and education indicators, as well as a thematic analysis of the operational strategies of INGOs. The quantitative data show that the female secondary school enrollment (38.5 percent in 2020 and estimated 1.5 percent in 2025) fell precipitously, and the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) increased, indicating the humanitarian crisis. On the other hand, the INGO health coverage became even more important with a manifestation of their urgency as the main service provider. Qualitative analysis revealed that the introduction of sustainable, localized information systems, particularly remote monitoring and resource tracking, was the key institutional innovation that enabled the INGO to achieve approximately 82 % resource allocation efficiency after the transition, compared to 65 % before the transition. The paper concludes that INGOs have played an essential role in ensuring that there is no complete breakdown of vital services, but their overall effect in the long term is limited due to the absence of a consistent institutional structure and policy limitations. Policy recommendations focus on the necessity to have long-term, adaptable funding, and investment in digital resilience and a localized approach to service provision to maneuver the humanitarian-development nexus in fragile contexts.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Афганистан</kwd><kwd>МНПО</kwd><kwd>гуманитарная помощь</kwd><kwd>системы здравоохранения</kwd><kwd>образование</kwd><kwd>информационные системы</kwd><kwd>нестабильные контексты</kwd><kwd>институциональные инновации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Afghanistan</kwd><kwd>INGOs</kwd><kwd>humanitarian aid</kwd><kwd>health systems</kwd><kwd>education</kwd><kwd>Information Systems</kwd><kwd>fragile contexts</kwd><kwd>institutional innovation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naseri S., Khalil M., Sabrah S., Manochehr M.H., Sidhu L.S., Rasekh A., Safi N. 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