The possibility of forecasting the development of scientific communications against the background of current trends, as well as the proposed projects is considered. Among these trends are digitalization, transition to open science, modification of scientific libraries, the state of existing information resources and prospects for integration and development, including within the framework of the concepts of “knowledge space”. The determining place for the development of scientific communications belongs to the system of evaluation of scientific results, and the current system based on bibliometric methods is considered unsatisfactory. The differentiation of scientific information on publications and data is indicated. Economic, legal and linguistic aspects of scientific communication are briefly discussed.

The definition of «information» is one of the most controversial in science. The paper discusses various definitions and terms used in information theory. Based on the analysis of terminological material, a mental model was prepared showing the place and value of information in the knowledge management system.

The paper argues that humanitarian aspects of the national projects approved today in Russia are not quite distinct and are perceived by many experts as “mysterious”. Special attention in the project “Science” is paid to a problem of publishing activity. The author notes that the greatest lag on this position is observed on the spaces where the world science develops most intensively. Two imaginaries of the scientific sphere are offered: “national science enterprise” and smart organism. The cardinal difference of structure of the scientific enterprise, in comparison with production is emphasized. The environment plays a much more essential role in this case. Sharp changes in the scientific sphere (“swings of the ship”) can destroy not only the environment, but also a cultural kernel of the complex system of science. The metaphor of a smart organism can be applied in this regard in the most part because complex systems of modern science include sets of communities of scientists (including — network communities), and these communities make collective decisions, generating new events, decisions, knowledge, institutional forms. One of the developing forms is the “citizen science”. “An administrative financial canopy” over research projects can be considered here as a positive factor. The structures like Information and library council of RAS, INION RAS perform as “memory carrier” of a living organism of science. Thus, it is important to develop structures that are built to store and structure knowledge, to introduce such formats of social and economic researches as experimental platforms: pilot farms which are necessary not only for development of agroscience, but also for testing of new ways of living, different types of the enterprises in industry, in science, open databases.

This article discusses the idea of conducting a multistage process of building a search image of a query in natural language for use in the semantic search system. Modern methods and tools for processing natural language are widely used in the field of machine translation. Research on search engines and semantic search mainly focuses on data storage and further analysis. Most search engines use a huge amount of previously accumulated user queries to predict search results, without taking into account the user’s intention through quality query processing. The proposed approach is based on the selection of the maximum amount of information from the original request by means of syntactic and semantic analysis, as well as the use of synonymous extension techniques. This article describes the first step in the process of building a search query model, based on extracting syntactic dependencies from the original sentence.

In this paper, we estimated by using 2013- 2017 statistical data and applying Balassa method on six-digit codes subheading more than 2000 commodity`s revealed comparative advantage. Result of the estimation showed that, Azerbaijan have revealed comparative advantage on agriculture products, mineral products, and numerous manufacturing products. Exporting raw materials and semi-finished products that have comparative advantage leads to loosing value added on those products. In this regard, the deepening of processing on many products is important for the country.

In this article, the author brings the developed classifier of methods for assessing the competitiveness of goods in the division of various criteria, in which both the methods and criteria already encountered in the scientific literature and those proposed by the author are systematized. Analysis of the most popular methods showed that the ultimate goal of their use is to assess the competitiveness of goods in foreign markets in order to assess the chances of their progress. In pursuit of foreign markets, countries with a negative trade balance did not notice how their own market was seized by imported goods, which pushed domestic goods, even traditional ones, out of the market. Therefore, the author has set a goal to develop an algorithm for calculating the competitiveness of domestic goods in the domestic market, taking into account the specifics of the national economy. The article presents a flowchart of the algorithm and the results of its application, on the example of the Republic of Moldova.